Infection is mainly through drinking contaminated water, therefore is linked to sanitation and hygiene. Two serogroups called O1 and O139 are responsible for cholera outbreaks.
It undergoes respiratory and fermentative metabolism. The bacterium has a flagellum at one pole and several pili throughout its cell surface. Sambhu Nath De isolated the cholera toxin and demonstrated the toxin as the cause of cholera in 1959. The bacterium as the cause of cholera was discovered by Robert Koch in 1884.
Filippo Pacini correctly identified it as a bacterium and from him, the scientific name is adopted. cholerae was first described by Félix-Archimède Pouchet in 1849 as some kind of protozoa. cholerae are pathogenic to humans and cause a deadly disease called cholera, which can be derived from the consumption of undercooked or raw marine life species.
The bacteria naturally live in brackish or saltwater where they attach themselves easily to the chitin-containing shells of crabs, shrimp, and other shellfish. Vibrio cholerae is a species of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria.
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